10kV油(You)浸(Jin)式(Shi)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)运(Yun)行(Xing)中(Zhong)通(Tong)过(Guo)仪(Yi)表(Biao)、(?)保(Bao)护(Hu)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)等(Deng)应(Ying)检(Jian)查(Cha)的(De)项(Xiang)目(Mu)，(?)给(Gei)出(Chu)了(Liao)油(You)浸(Jin)式(Shi)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)温(Wen)升(Sheng)限(Xian)值(Zhi)、(?)顶(Ding)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)的(De)一(Yi)般(Ban)规(Gui)定(Ding)值(Zhi)，(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)油(You)的(De)一(Yi)般(Ban)鉴(Jian)定(Ding)法(Fa)等(Deng)；(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)常(Chang)见(Jian)故(Gu)障(Zhang)的(De)处(Chu)理(Li)，(?)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)电(Dian)阻(Zu)的(De)测(Ce)量(Liang)方(Fang)法(Fa)，(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)干(Gan)燥(Zao)法(Fa)等(Deng)。(?)
    10kV油(You)浸(Jin)式(Shi)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)是(Shi)中(Zhong)、(?)小(Xiao)企(Qi)业(Ye)常(Chang)用(Yong)的(De)一(Yi)种(Zhong)静(Jing)止(Zhi)的(De)电(Dian)气(Qi)设(She)备(Bei)，(?)其(Qi)构(Gou)造(Zao)简(Jian)单(Dan)，(?)运(Yun)行(Xing)可(Ke)靠(Kao)性(Xing)较(Jiao)高(Gao)，(?)在(Zai)额(E)定(Ding)条(Tiao)件(Jian)下(Xia)带(Dai)额(E)定(Ding)负(Fu)荷(He)可(Ke)连(Lian)续(Xu)运(Yun)行(Xing)20~25年(Nian)。(?)为(Wei)了(Liao)保(Bao)障(Zhang)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)安(An)全(Quan)运(Yun)行(Xing)，(?)应(Ying)做(Zuo)好(Hao)经(Jing)常(Chang)性(Xing)的(De)维(Wei)护(Hu)和(He)检(Jian)修(Xiu)工(Gong)作(Zuo)，(?)确(Que)保(Bao)正(Zheng)常(Chang)供(Gong)电(Dian)。(?)
    一(Yi)、(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)运(Yun)行(Xing)中(Zhong)的(De)检(Jian)查(Cha)
    变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)运(Yun)行(Xing)情(Qing)况(Kuang)，(?)可(Ke)通(Tong)过(Guo)仪(Yi)表(Biao)，(?)保(Bao)护(Hu)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)及(Ji)各(Ge)种(Zhong)指(Zhi)示(Shi)信(Xin)号(Hao)等(Deng)设(She)备(Bei)来(Lai)反(Fan)映(Ying)，(?)对(Dui)仪(Yi)表(Biao)不(Bu)能(Neng)反(Fan)映(Ying)的(De)问(Wen)题(Ti)，(?)需(Xu)值(Zhi)班(Ban)人(Ren)员(Yuan)去(Qu)观(Guan)察(Cha)、(?)监(Jian)听(Ting)，(?)及(Ji)时(Shi)发(Fa)现(Xian)，(?)如(Ru)运(Yun)行(Xing)环(Huan)境(Jing)的(De)变(Bian)化(Hua)、(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)声(Sheng)音(Yin)的(De)异(Yi)常(Chang)等(Deng)等(Deng)。(?)经(Jing)常(Chang)有(You)人(Ren)值(Zhi)班(Ban)的(De)，(?)每(Mei)天(Tian)至(Zhi)少(Shao)检(Jian)查(Cha)一(Yi)次(Ci)，(?)每(Mei)星(Xing)期(Qi)进(Jin)行(Xing)一(Yi)次(Ci)夜(Ye)间(Jian)巡(Xun)视(Shi)检(Jian)查(Cha)。(?)无(Wu)固(Gu)定(Ding)值(Zhi)班(Ban)人(Ren)员(Yuan)的(De)至(Zhi)少(Shao)每(Mei)两(Liang)个(Ge)月(Yue)检(Jian)查(Cha)一(Yi)次(Ci)。(?)在(Zai)有(You)特(Te)殊(Shu)情(Qing)况(Kuang)或(Huo)气(Qi)温(Wen)急(Ji)变(Bian)时(Shi)，(?)要(Yao)增(Zeng)加(Jia)检(Jian)查(Cha)次(Ci)数(Shu)或(Huo)进(Jin)行(Xing)即(Ji)时(Shi)检(Jian)查(Cha)。(?)
    1．(?)监(Jian)视(Shi)仪(Yi)表(Biao)
    变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)控(Kong)制(Zhi)盘(Pan)的(De)仪(Yi)表(Biao)，(?)如(Ru)电(Dian)流(Liu)表(Biao)、(?)电(Dian)压(Ya)表(Biao)、(?)功(Gong)率(Lu)表(Biao)等(Deng)应(Ying)1~2h抄(Chao)表(Biao)一(Yi)次(Ci)，(?)画(Hua)出(Chu)日(Ri)负(Fu)荷(He)曲(Qu)线(Xian)。(?)在(Zai)过(Guo)负(Fu)载(Zai)下(Xia)运(Yun)行(Xing)时(Shi)，(?)应(Ying)每(Mei)0.5h抄(Chao)表(Biao)一(Yi)次(Ci)，(?)表(Biao)计(Ji)不(Bu)在(Zai)控(Kong)制(Zhi)室(Shi)时(Shi)，(?)每(Mei)班(Ban)至(Zhi)少(Shao)记(Ji)录(Lu)两(Liang)次(Ci)。(?)
    2．(?)监(Jian)视(Shi)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)电(Dian)源(Yuan)电(Dian)压(Ya)
    电(Dian)源(Yuan)电(Dian)压(Ya)的(De)变(Bian)化(Hua)范(Fan)围(Wei)应(Ying)在(Zai)士(Shi)5%额(E)定(Ding)电(Dian)压(Ya)以(Yi)内(Nei)。(?)如(Ru)电(Dian)压(Ya)长(Chang)期(Qi)过(Guo)高(Gao)或(Huo)过(Guo)低(Di)，(?)应(Ying)通(Tong)过(Guo)调(Diao)整(Zheng)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)分(Fen)接(Jie)开(Kai)关(Guan)，(?)使(Shi)二(?)次(Ci)电(Dian)压(Ya)趋(Qu)于(Yu)正(Zheng)常(Chang)。(?)
    3．(?)测(Ce)量(Liang)三(San)相(Xiang)电(Dian)流(Liu)是(Shi)否(Fou)平(Ping)衡(Heng)
    对(Dui)于(Yu)Y、(?)Yn0接(Jie)线(Xian)的(De)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)，(?)线(Xian)电(Dian)流(Liu)不(Bu)应(Ying)超(Chao)过(Guo)低(Di)压(Ya)侧(Ce)额(E)定(Ding)电(Dian)流(Liu)的(De)25%，(?)超(Chao)过(Guo)时(Shi)应(Ying)调(Diao)节(Jie)每(Mei)相(Xiang)负(Fu)荷(He)，(?)尽(Jin)量(Liang)使(Shi)各(Ge)相(Xiang)负(Fu)荷(He)趋(Qu)于(Yu)平(Ping)衡(Heng)。(?)
    4．(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)允(Yun)许(Xu)温(Wen)度(Du)和(He)温(Wen)升(Sheng)
    (1)允(Yun)许(Xu)温(Wen)度(Du)
    变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)在(Zai)运(Yun)行(Xing)时(Shi)，(?)要(Yao)产(Chan)生(Sheng)铜(Tong)损(Sun)和(He)铁(Tie)损(Sun)，(?)使(Shi)线(Xian)圈(Quan)和(He)铁(Tie)芯(Xin)发(Fa)热(Re)。(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)允(Yun)许(Xu)温(Wen)度(Du)是(Shi)由(You)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)所(Suo)使(Shi)用(Yong)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)材(Cai)料(Liao)的(De)耐(Nai)热(Re)强(Qiang)度(Du)决(Jue)定(Ding)的(De)。(?)油(You)浸(Jin)式(Shi)电(Dian)力(Li)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)属(Shu)于(Yu)A级(Ji)，(?)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)是(Shi)浸(Jin)渍(Zi)处(Chu)理(Li)过(Guo)的(De)有(You)机(Ji)材(Cai)料(Liao)，(?)如(Ru)纸(Zhi)、(?)木(Mu)材(Cai)和(He)棉(Mian)纱(Sha)等(Deng)，(?)其(Qi)允(Yun)许(Xu)温(Wen)度(Du)是(Shi)105℃(?)。(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)温(Wen)度(Du)最(Zui)高(Gao)的(De)部(Bu)件(Jian)是(Shi)线(Xian)圈(Quan)，(?)其(Qi)次(Ci)是(Shi)铁(Tie)芯(Xin)，(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)油(You)温(Wen)最(Zui)低(Di)。(?)线(Xian)圈(Quan)匝(Za)间(Jian)的(De)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)是(Shi)电(Dian)缆(Lan)纸(Zhi)，(?)而(?)能(Neng)测(Ce)量(Liang)的(De)是(Shi)线(Xian)圈(Quan)的(De)平(Ping)均(Jun)温(Wen)度(Du)，(?)故(Gu)运(Yun)行(Xing)时(Shi)线(Xian)圈(Quan)的(De)温(Wen)度(Du)应(Ying)≤(?)95℃(?)。(?)
    电(Dian)力(Li)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)运(Yun)行(Xing)温(Wen)度(Du)直(Zhi)接(Jie)影(Ying)响(Xiang)到(Dao)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)输(Shu)出(Chu)容(Rong)量(Liang)和(He)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)。(?)温(Wen)度(Du)长(Chang)时(Shi)间(Jian)超(Chao)过(Guo)允(Yun)许(Xu)值(Zhi)，(?)则(Ze)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)容(Rong)易(Yi)损(Sun)坏(Huai)，(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)降(Jiang)低(Di)。(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)使(Shi)用(Yong)年(Nian)限(Xian)的(De)减(Jian)少(Shao)一(Yi)般(Ban)可(Ke)按(An)“(?)八(Ba)度(Du)规(Gui)则(Ze)”(?)计(Ji)算(Suan)，(?)即(Ji)温(Wen)度(Du)升(Sheng)高(Gao)8℃(?)，(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)年(Nian)限(Xian)减(Jian)少(Shao)1/2。(?)试(Shi)验(Yan)表(Biao)明(Ming)：(?)如(Ru)果(Guo)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)绕(Rao)组(Zu)最(Zui)热(Re)点(Dian)的(De)温(Wen)度(Du)一(Yi)直(Zhi)维(Wei)持(Chi)在(Zai)95℃(?)，(?)则(Ze)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)可(Ke)连(Lian)续(Xu)运(Yun)行(Xing)20年(Nian)。(?)若(Ruo)绕(Rao)组(Zu)温(Wen)度(Du)升(Sheng)高(Gao)到(Dao)105℃(?)，(?)则(Ze)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)降(Jiang)低(Di)到(Dao)7.5年(Nian)，(?)若(Ruo)绕(Rao)组(Zu)温(Wen)度(Du)升(Sheng)高(Gao)到(Dao)120℃(?)，(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)降(Jiang)低(Di)到(Dao)2.3年(Nian)，(?)可(Ke)见(Jian)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)使(Shi)用(Yong)寿(Shou)命(Ming)年(Nian)限(Xian)主(Zhu)要(Yao)决(Jue)定(Ding)于(Yu)绕(Rao)组(Zu)的(De)运(Yun)行(Xing)温(Wen)度(Du)。(?)
    变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)绕(Rao)组(Zu)温(Wen)度(Du)与(Yu)负(Fu)载(Zai)大(Da)小(Xiao)及(Ji)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)有(You)关(Guan)。(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)温(Wen)度(Du)与(Yu)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)的(De)差(Cha)值(Zhi)叫(Jiao)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)的(De)温(Wen)升(Sheng)。(?)对(Dui)A级(Ji)绝(Jue)缘(Yuan)的(De)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)，(?)当(Dang)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)为(Wei)40℃(?)（(?)环(Huan)境(Jing)最(Zui)高(Gao)温(Wen)度(Du)）(?)时(Shi)，(?)国(Guo)家(Jia)标(Biao)准(Zhun)规(Gui)定(Ding)绕(Rao)组(Zu)的(De)温(Wen)升(Sheng)为(Wei)65℃(?)，(?)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)的(De)允(Yun)许(Xu)温(Wen)升(Sheng)为(Wei)45℃(?)，(?)只(Zhi)要(Yao)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)及(Ji)温(Wen)升(Sheng)不(Bu)超(Chao)过(Guo)规(Gui)定(Ding)值(Zhi)，(?)就(Jiu)能(Neng)保(Bao)证(Zheng)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)在(Zai)规(Gui)定(Ding)的(De)使(Shi)用(Yong)年(Nian)限(Xian)内(Nei)安(An)全(Quan)运(Yun)行(Xing)。(?)
    允(Yun)许(Xu)温(Wen)度(Du)=允(Yun)许(Xu)温(Wen)升(Sheng)+40℃(?)
    当(Dang)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)＞(?)40℃(?)，(?)散(San)热(Re)困(Kun)难(Nan)，(?)不(Bu)允(Yun)许(Xu)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)满(Man)负(Fu)荷(He)运(Yun)行(Xing)。(?)当(Dang)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)＜(?)40℃(?)时(Shi)，(?)尽(Jin)管(Guan)有(You)利(Li)散(San)热(Re)，(?)但(Dan)线(Xian)圈(Quan)的(De)散(San)热(Re)能(Neng)力(Li)受(Shou)结(Jie)构(Gou)参(Can)数(Shu)限(Xian)制(Zhi)，(?)无(Wu)法(Fa)提(Ti)高(Gao)，(?)故(Gu)不(Bu)允(Yun)许(Xu)超(Chao)负(Fu)荷(He)运(Yun)行(Xing)。(?)如(Ru)当(Dang)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)为(Wei)零(Ling)度(Du)以(Yi)下(Xia)时(Shi)，(?)让(Rang)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)过(Guo)负(Fu)荷(He)运(Yun)行(Xing)，(?)而(?)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)维(Wei)持(Chi)在(Zai)90℃(?)以(Yi)下(Xia)，(?)未(Wei)超(Chao)过(Guo)允(Yun)许(Xu)值(Zhi)95℃(?)，(?)但(Dan)由(You)于(Yu)线(Xian)圈(Quan)散(San)热(Re)能(Neng)力(Li)无(Wu)法(Fa)提(Ti)高(Gao)，(?)结(Jie)果(Guo)线(Xian)圈(Quan)温(Wen)度(Du)升(Sheng)高(Gao)，(?)发(Fa)热(Re)，(?)超(Chao)过(Guo)了(Liao)允(Yun)许(Xu)值(Zhi)。(?)
    例(Li)如(Ru)，(?)一(Yi)台(Tai)油(You)浸(Jin)自(Zi)冷(Leng)式(Shi)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)，(?)当(Dang)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)为(Wei)32℃(?)时(Shi)，(?)其(Qi)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)为(Wei)60℃(?)，(?)未(Wei)超(Chao)过(Guo)95℃(?)，(?)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)的(De)温(Wen)升(Sheng)为(Wei)60℃(?)-32℃(?)=28℃(?)，(?)＜(?)允(Yun)许(Xu)温(Wen)升(Sheng)45℃(?)，(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)可(Ke)正(Zheng)常(Chang)运(Yun)行(Xing)。(?)若(Ruo)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)为(Wei)44℃(?)，(?)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)为(Wei)99℃(?)，(?)虽(Sui)然(Ran)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)的(De)温(Wen)升(Sheng)为(Wei)99℃(?)-44℃(?)=55℃(?)，(?)没(Mei)超(Chao)过(Guo)温(Wen)升(Sheng)限(Xian)定(Ding)值(Zhi)，(?)但(Dan)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)却(Que)超(Chao)过(Guo)了(Liao)允(Yun)许(Xu)值(Zhi)，(?)故(Gu)不(Bu)允(Yun)许(Xu)运(Yun)行(Xing)。(?)若(Ruo)环(Huan)境(Jing)温(Wen)度(Du)为(Wei)一(Yi)20℃(?)时(Shi)，(?)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)为(Wei)45℃(?)，(?)虽(Sui)＜(?)95℃(?)，(?)但(Dan)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)的(De)温(Wen)升(Sheng)增(Zeng)为(Wei)45℃(?)一(Yi)（(?)—(?)20）(?)℃(?)=65℃(?)，(?)已(Yi)超(Chao)过(Guo)温(Wen)升(Sheng)限(Xian)定(Ding)值(Zhi)，(?)也(Ye)不(Bu)允(Yun)许(Xu)运(Yun)行(Xing)。(?)
    因(Yin)此(Ci)，(?)只(Zhi)有(You)上(Shang)层(Ceng)油(You)温(Wen)及(Ji)温(Wen)升(Sheng)值(Zhi)均(Jun)不(Bu)超(Chao)过(Guo)允(Yun)许(Xu)值(Zhi)，(?)才(Cai)能(Neng)保(Bao)证(Zheng)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)安(An)全(Quan)运(Yun)行(Xing)。(?)
    5．(?)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)油(You)的(De)运(Yun)行(Xing)
    检(Jian)查(Cha)油(You)枕(Zhen)和(He)充(Chong)油(You)套(Tao)管(Guan)内(Nei)油(You)面(Mian)的(De)高(Gao)度(Du)，(?)密(Mi)封(Feng)处(Chu)有(You)无(Wu)渗(Shen)漏(Lou)油(You)现(Xian)象(Xiang)。(?)油(You)标(Biao)指(Zhi)示(Shi)一(Yi)般(Ban)应(Ying)在(Zai)1/4~3/4处(Chu)。(?)油(You)面(Mian)过(Guo)高(Gao)，(?)一(Yi)般(Ban)是(Shi)由(You)于(Yu)冷(Leng)却(Que)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi)运(Yun)行(Xing)不(Bu)正(Zheng)常(Chang)或(Huo)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)内(Nei)部(Bu)故(Gu)障(Zhang)等(Deng)所(Suo)造(Zao)成(Cheng)的(De)油(You)温(Wen)过(Guo)高(Gao)引(Yin)起(Qi)的(De)。(?)油(You)面(Mian)过(Guo)低(Di)，(?)应(Ying)检(Jian)查(Cha)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)各(Ge)密(Mi)封(Feng)处(Chu)是(Shi)否(Fou)有(You)严(Yan)重(Zhong)漏(Lou)油(You)现(Xian)象(Xiang)，(?)放(Fang)油(You)阀(Fa)是(Shi)否(Fou)关(Guan)紧(Jin)。(?)油(You)标(Biao)管(Guan)内(Nei)的(De)油(You)色(Se)应(Ying)是(Shi)透(Tou)明(Ming)微(Wei)带(Dai)黄(Huang)色(Se)，(?)如(Ru)呈(Cheng)红(Hong)棕(Zong)色(Se)，(?)可(Ke)能(Neng)是(Shi)油(You)位(Wei)计(Ji)脏(Zang)污(Wu)造(Zao)成(Cheng)的(De)，(?)也(Ye)可(Ke)能(Neng)是(Shi)变(Bian)压(Ya)器(Qi)油(You)运(Yun)行(Xing)时(Shi)间(Jian)过(Guo)长(Chang)，(?)油(You)温(Wen)高(Gao)，(?)使(Shi)油(You)质(Zhi)变(Bian)坏(Huai)引(Yin)起(Qi)。(?)